What is Bariatric Surgery? What are the Different Types of Procedures?

Written By Ray .

Bariatric surgery is a medical procedure designed to help individuals with severe obesity lose weight by altering the digestive system. It is recommended for individuals with a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 40 or higher, or BMI of 35+ with obesity-related conditions such as diabetes or hypertension.

Common Bariatric Procedures:

  • Gastric Sleeve (Sleeve Gastrectomy):

    • Removes approximately 80% of the stomach, reducing its capacity.

    • Leads to hormonal changes that suppress hunger.

    • Results in an average excess weight loss of 50-60%.

  • Gastric Bypass (Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass):

    • Creates a small stomach pouch and reroutes digestion.

    • Reduces calorie absorption and changes gut hormones.

    • Patients typically lose 60-70% of excess weight.

  • Adjustable Gastric Banding (Lap-Band):

    • A silicone band is placed around the stomach to limit food intake.

    • Requires regular adjustments and has a slower weight loss rate.

    • Results in approximately 40-50% excess weight loss.

  • Biliopancreatic Diversion with Duodenal Switch (BPD/DS):

    • A complex surgery that significantly reduces stomach size and bypasses a large part of the intestine.

    • Leads to substantial weight loss but requires lifelong nutritional monitoring.

    • Patients can lose 70-80% of excess weight.

Each procedure has unique benefits and risks, and consultation with a bariatric surgeon is essential to determine the best approach.

Ray .
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